Which effect refers to changes in attitudes as people age due to specific experiences?

• A. Generational effect
• B. Life-cycle effect
• C. Globalization
• D. Scientific poll

Answer: (B)

The life-cycle effect refers to the changes in attitudes and behaviors that occur as individuals progress through different stages of life. As people age, they encounter various experiences—such as marriage, parenthood, career changes, and retirement—that can significantly shape their perspectives and opinions. This effect emphasizes that an individual's views are often influenced by their specific life experiences, which can lead to shifts in political ideology, social values, and consumer behavior over time.

In contrast, the generational effect pertains to attitudes shaped by the unique historical and social context experienced by a particular generation. Globalization addresses the interconnectedness of cultures and economies worldwide, while a scientific poll refers to a research method used to gauge public opinion. These terms can be related to social change, but they do not specifically capture the nuanced changes in attitudes linked directly to aging and life experiences as the life-cycle effect does.